The supplement (Berocca® Performance, Bayer Consumer Health) is designed to support mental and physical performance and energy. Its specific formulation was amended in 1998 to include vitamins B1 (15 mg), B2 (15 mg), B6 (10 mg), B12 (10 mcg), C (500 mg), biotin (150 mcg), folic acid (400 mcg), nicotinamide (50 mg), and pantothenic acid (23 mg), and minerals calcium (100 mg), magnesium (100 mg), and zinc (10 mg).
Effects of Vitamin B12 Supplementation on Cognitive Function, Depressive Symptoms, and Fatigue: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Meta-Regression
Pyridoxine (vitamin B6), folic acid (vitamin B9), and cobalamin (vitamin B12) are necessary cofactors for the synthesis of myelin and neurotransmitters.
A decrease in levels of these vitamins is associated with elevated homocysteine levels, risk of cognitive impairment, and depression. The main cause of decreases in vitamin B12 serum levels is enteral mal-absorption, primarily in the elderly due to gastric atrophy.
Associations of Folate/Folic Acid (vitamin B9) Supplementation Alone and in Combination With Other B vitamins on Dementia Risk and Brain Structure: Evidence From 466 224 UK Biobank Participants
Sarris, J., Mehta, B., Óvári, V., & Ferreres Giménez, I. (2021). Potential mental and physical benefits of supplementation with a high-dose, B-complex multivitamin/mineral supplement: what is the evidence? Nutrición Hospitalaria, 38(6), 1277-1286. DOI: 10.20960/nh.03631. Disponível em: Nutr Hosp
Kennedy, D. O., Veasey, R., Watson, A., Dodd, F., Jones, E., Maggini, S., et al. (2010). Effects of high-dose B vitamin complex with vitamin C and minerals on subjective mood and performance in healthy males. Psychopharmacology, 211(1), 55-68. DOI: 10.1007/s00213-010-1870-3.
Scholey, A., Bauer, I., Neale, C., Savage, K., Camfield, D., White, D., et al. (2013). Acute effects of different multivitamin mineral preparations with and without Guarana on mood, cognitive performance and functional brain activation. Nutrients, 5(9), 3589-604. DOI: 10.3390/nu5093589.
White, D. J., Camfield, D. A., Maggini, S., Pipingas, A., Silberstein, R., Stough, C., et al. (2017). The effect of a single dose of multivitamin and mineral combinations with and without guarana on functional brain activity during a continuous performance task. Nutritional Neuroscience, 20(1), 8-22. DOI: 10.1179/1476830514Y.0000000157.